Luoyang 洛阳

1

A rebuilt gate tower on the ruins of the south gate of the Sui-Tang Luoyang City palace city; its double-sided triple-winged que design is hailed as the 'First Gate of the Sui and Tang'

2

On-site protection and exhibition halls of the Wu-Zhou-era palace city's main hall 'Mingtang' (Wanxiang Shengong, Palace of Myriad Phenomena) and Buddhist worship tower 'Tiantang' (Tongtian Futu, Pagoda Reaching Heaven)

3

On-site restored display of the Jiuzhou Pool, the imperial garden inside the Sui-Tang palace city, whose waterways and islands recreate the royal layout of 'one pond, nine hills'

4

Museum on the ruins of the main south gate of the outer city of Sui-Tang Luoyang City, inscribed as a World Heritage Site in 2014 as part of 'Silk Roads: the Routes Network of Chang'an-Tianshan Corridor'

5

An ancient-city cultural tourism district built around Wenfeng Pagoda (rebuilt in the Qing dynasty) and the Xintan water system; first citywide for hanfu rental and night lighting—'touring Luoyi in hanfu' has become a phenomenon-level must-do

6

The old town's west main gate, said to have been first built in the Sui dynasty; today a reconstructed barbican gate tower plus a snack shopping street

7

A bluestone-paved cross-street snack night market, with rows of stalls selling bufan soup (mung-bean pancake soup), stir-fried liangfen (pea jelly), and hot-pot beef tripe; after dark, red lanterns fill the street — a condensed showcase of western Henan street life and the free main axis of the old town's nightlife

8

UNESCO World Heritage Site (inscribed in 2000), one of China's four great grottoes, a national 5A-level scenic area

9

Founded in the 11th year of the Eastern Han Yongping era (68 AD), the first state-established Buddhist temple after Buddhism entered China, honored as the "Ancestral Court" and "Origin of Chinese Buddhism"

10

Legend has it that Cao Cao buried Guan Yu's head here with the honors due a prince; China's model Guan Di mausoleum uniting tomb, temple, and forest ("zhong, miao, lin") in one complex

11

One of the main peaks of the Funiu Mountains and a 5A-level scenic area, with golden-roofed Taoist temples perched above the sea of clouds

12

National first-class museum; the "Heluo Civilization Exhibition" runs from Erlitou straight through to the Tang and Five Dynasties

13

In-situ museum of an Eastern Zhou chariot-and-horse pit discovered in 2002~2003; physical evidence of "six horses pulling one carriage" corroborates the Rites of Zhou record that "the Son of Heaven is drawn by six horses"—the only six-horse burial remains displayed at their original site to date

14

On the ground of "the earliest China"—the Erlitou site was discovered in Xu Xusheng's 1959 survey, and the museum opened in 2019

15

A museum of relocated and restored tombs from successive dynasties under Beimang Mountain's burial custom of "live in Suzhou and Hangzhou, be buried at Beimang"; more than twenty tombs—including Western Han hollow-brick tombs with relief images, Wei-Jin tombs, and Song-Jin carved-brick tombs—were moved and rebuilt in their original form, and visitors can stoop inside the burial chambers

16

Core scenic area of the Daimei Mountain Global Geopark, rated 5A; red-rock gorge clusters with pools and waterfalls strung like beads, and six natural puzzles such as "water flowing uphill" remain unexplained

17

A garden dedicated to peonies built on the Sui-Tang city ruins; the main venue of the China Luoyang Peony Culture Festival, held since 1983

18

A large botanical garden built on the ruins of the outer city of Sui-Tang Luoyang City, where cherry blossom and crabapple themed gardens interweave with wetlands and waterways